Understanding and Managing Braxton Hicks Contractions

Many expectant mothers experience Braxton Hicks contractions during pregnancy, often causing confusion and anxiety about whether labour has begun. These "practice contractions" are a normal part of pregnancy, but understanding what they are, how to recognise them, and when to be concerned can provide much-needed peace of mind during your pregnancy journey.

What Are Braxton Hicks Contractions?

Named after Dr John Braxton Hicks who first described them in 1872, Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular uterine contractions that can occur throughout your pregnancy. Often called "false labour" or "practice contractions," they're your uterus's way of preparing for the real thing.

These contractions involve the tightening of the muscles in your uterus, which you might feel as a mild cramping sensation or a hardening of your bump. Unlike true labour contractions, Braxton Hicks don't dilate your cervix or lead to the birth of your baby.

How to Recognise Braxton Hicks Contractions

Understanding the characteristics of Braxton Hicks contractions can help you identify them and distinguish them from true labour:

• Irregular timing: They don't follow a consistent pattern and may occur sporadically throughout the day
• Mild intensity: Usually feel like a tightening or hardening of your bump rather than painful cramping
• Short duration: Typically last 30 seconds to 2 minutes
• Location-specific: Often felt in the front of your abdomen, around your bump
• Relief with movement: May ease when you change position, walk, or rest
• No progression: Don't get stronger, longer, or more frequent over time
• Hydration responsive: May lessen when you drink water or other fluids

Common Triggers for Braxton Hicks

Several factors can trigger Braxton Hicks contractions. Being aware of these can help you understand why you might be experiencing them:

• Physical activity: Exercise, lifting, or being particularly active
• Dehydration: Not drinking enough fluids throughout the day
• Full bladder: When your bladder is full and pressing against your uterus
• Sexual activity: Particularly orgasm, which can trigger uterine contractions
• Stress or fatigue: Both physical and emotional stress can increase their frequency
• Touch: When you or your partner touches your bump
• Baby's movement: Very active baby movements can sometimes trigger them

Managing Braxton Hicks Contractions

Whilst Braxton Hicks contractions are normal, they can sometimes be uncomfortable. Here are effective strategies to manage them:

• Change position: If you're sitting, try standing or walking. If you're active, sit down and rest
• Stay hydrated: Drink a large glass of water and continue sipping fluids regularly
• Empty your bladder: A full bladder can trigger contractions, so visit the toilet
• Take a warm bath: Gentle heat can help relax your uterine muscles
• Practice relaxation: Deep breathing, meditation, or gentle stretching can help
• Rest: Sometimes your body is simply telling you to slow down
• Gentle massage: Light circular motions on your lower back or bump may provide relief

Braxton Hicks vs True Labour Contractions

One of the biggest concerns for expectant mothers is distinguishing between Braxton Hicks and true labour contractions. Here's how to tell the difference:

Braxton Hicks Contractions:

• Irregular and don't get closer together
• Don't increase in intensity
• Stop with movement or position changes
• Felt mainly in the front of your abdomen
• Don't cause progressive cervical changes

True Labour Contractions:

• Regular and get progressively closer together
• Increase in intensity and duration
• Continue despite changing position
• Felt across your abdomen and lower back
• Cause progressive cervical dilation and effacement
• Often accompanied by other signs of labour (show, waters breaking)

When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider

Whilst Braxton Hicks contractions are generally harmless, there are certain circumstances when you should contact your midwife, GP, or maternity unit:

• Before 37 weeks: If contractions become regular, painful, or are accompanied by other symptoms
• Change in pattern: If your usual Braxton Hicks suddenly become more painful, regular, or frequent
• Associated symptoms: If accompanied by vaginal bleeding, fluid leakage, severe pelvic pressure, or back pain
• Reduced fetal movement: If you notice your baby moving less than usual
• Persistent discomfort: If rest, hydration, and position changes don't provide relief
• Concerns about labour: If you're unsure whether you're experiencing true labour

Third Trimester: What to Expect

As you progress into your third trimester, Braxton Hicks contractions often become more noticeable and frequent. This is completely normal as your body prepares for labour:

• Increased frequency: You may notice them several times a day
• More noticeable: As your uterus grows, the contractions may feel stronger
• Evening occurrence: Many women notice them more in the evening when they're tired
• False alarms: It's common to wonder if labour has started, especially with your first baby

Lifestyle Strategies for Prevention

Whilst you can't completely prevent Braxton Hicks contractions, certain lifestyle adjustments may reduce their frequency:

• Stay well-hydrated: Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water daily
• Avoid overexertion: Listen to your body and rest when needed
• Regular, gentle exercise: Activities like walking or prenatal yoga can help
• Manage stress: Practice relaxation techniques and ensure adequate rest
• Empty your bladder regularly: Don't wait until you're uncomfortable
• Avoid triggering activities: If certain activities consistently trigger contractions, modify them